This work assumes the importance of the biblical mythology of "Adam" for both Judaism and Christianity and provides a comparative reference point for examining that mythology as an expression of the human situation. This mythological point of comparison comes in the form of the classical figure of Prometheus. The study comes in three parts and is followed by a summary conclusion. <b>Contents:</b> Classical Roots of the Prometheus Myth; Cultural Expressions of the Prometheus Myth; Prometheus and Adam as Theological Symbols; Conclusions.